Ma flowmeters emugero wakavhurikainoita basa guru mukugadzirwa kwemvura kwemazuva anomasisitimu ekutarisira, zvichiwana mashandisirwo akawanda mumapaipi nemachaneli. Mamita aya akagadzirirwa kuyera mwero wekuyerera kwemvura mumigero yakavhurika uko pamusoro pemvura inoyerera mumhepo, zvichipa mabhenefiti akasiyana anoita kuti ive yakakosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemaindasitiri, zvakatipoteredza, uye dzemaguta.
Nheyo dzekushanda uye mhando
Ma "flowmeters" anoshanda zvichienderana nepfungwa dzakasiyana dzemuviri. Imwe mhando yakajairika ndeye "weir-based flowmeter". Ma "weirs" zvivako zvakaiswa pamusoro pe "channel", uye mvura painoyerera pamusoro pawo, kukwirira kwemvura iri kumusoro kwe "weir" kunoyerwa. Nekushandisa ma "hydraulic formulas" akajairwa, mwero wekuyerera unogona kuverengerwa. Semuenzaniso, "rectangular weir" ine hukama hwakati pakati pemusoro wemvura (kukwirira kwemvura pamusoro pe "weir crest") uye mwero wekuyerera, zvichibvumira kuyerwa kwekuyerera kwakarurama.
Imwe mhando ndeye flume-based flowmeter. Flumes i chiteshi chakagadzirwa nokungwarira chinoita kuti patani yekuyerera iite. Semuenzaniso, Venturi flumes dzinoita kuti chiteshi chiite chimiro chakati, zvichiita kuti kumhanya kwemvura kuwedzere uye huwandu hwemvura huchinje sezvinotarisirwa. Ma sensor anoiswa panzvimbo dzakatarwa mu flume anoyera parameter dzakadai sekudzika kwemvura nekumhanya, izvo zvinozoshandiswa kuona mwero wekuyerera.
MaDoppler ultrasonic open-channel flowmeters anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya. Anoshanda nekuburitsa mafungu e ultrasonic mumvura inoyerera. Sezvo zvidimbu zviri mumvura zvinofamba, zvinoratidza mafungu e ultrasonic, uye shanduko muhuwandu hwemafungu anoratidzwa (Doppler shift) inoyerwa. Kuchinja uku kwakabatana nekumhanya kwemvura, uye pamwe chete nenzvimbo ye cross-sectional yemugero, mwero wekuyerera unogona kuverengerwa.
Mashandisirwo muMapaipi
Muhurongwa hwemapaipi,mita dzekufambisa dzakavhurikaanowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo pombi inobuda mugwara rakavhurika kana kuti pane chikonzero chekuyera mwero wekuyerera kwemvura isati yapinda mugadziriro yekuchenesa. Semuenzaniso, mumafekitori ekuchenesa mvura yakasviba, mapaipi anotakura tsvina isina kucheneswa kubva kumasisitimu ekuunganidza. Michina yekuyerera yemvura yakazaruka yakaiswa pamusuwo wenzvimbo dzekuchenesa inobatsira vanoshanda kuona huwandu hwetsvina inopinda mufekitori nemazvo. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakugadzirisa chiyero chemakemikari ekuchenesa, kuronga kubviswa kwetsvina, uye kuona kushanda zvakanaka kwenzira yekuchenesa.
Mumapaipi emaindasitiri, kana mvura ichida kutamiswa kubva muhurongwa hwemapaipi akavharwa kuenda kunzvimbo yakavhurika yekuchengetera kana yekugadzirisa, maflowmeters emugero wakavhurika anogona kupa data rehuwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira mumaindasitiri akadai sezvekudya nezvinwiwa, uko kudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwemvura kunodiwa kuchengetedza mhando yechigadzirwa uye kugara kwakasimba. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekuzadza zvigadzirwa zvemvura mumatangi akavhurika, flowmeter yemugero wakavhurika inogona kutarisa nekudzora huwandu hwemvura kuti idzivirire kuzadza zvakanyanya kana kusazadza zvakakwana.
Mashandisirwo muChannels
Munzira dzechisikigo nedzakagadzirwa nevanhu, maflowmeters enzira dzakavhurika akakosha kunekutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura, kudzora mafashamo, uye kutarisa nharaunda. Munzira dzenzizi, ma flowmeter anoiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha kuti aone mwero wekuyerera kwerwizi. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakufanotaura mafashamo. Nekutarisa nguva dzose kuyerera kwerwizi, vakuru vanogona kupa yambiro dzemafashamo nenguva, kuronga nzira dzekubuda, uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira kuchengetedza hupenyu nepfuma.
Munzira dzekudiridza, michina yekuyerera kwemvura yakavhurika inobatsira varimi kutarisira kugoverwa kwemvura zvinobudirira. Nekuyera mwero wekuyerera kwemvura mumadhamu nemazvo, varimi vanogona kuona kuti munda wega wega unowana huwandu hwakakwana hwemvura, zvichiita kuti zvirimwa zvikure zvakanaka ukuwo vachichengetedza zviwanikwa zvemvura. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru munzvimbo dzine mvura shoma.
Uyezve, mukutarisa nharaunda, ma "open-channel flowmeters" anoshandiswa kuyera kuyerera kwemvura inoyerera. Kunzwisisa huwandu uye mwero wekuyerera kwemvura inoyerera kunobatsira pakuongorora kukanganisa kwemhando yemvura, pamwe nekugadzira nzira dzinoshanda dzekutarisira mvura inoyerera kuderedza kusvibiswa nekudzivirira mafashamo mumaguta.
Zvakanakira Nezvinetso
Kushandiswa kwemita dzekufambisa dzakavhurikamumapaipi nemachaneli ane mabhenefiti akati wandei. Anogona kubata huwandu hwakasiyana hwemvura inoyerera, kubva pamvura yakaderera kusvika yakakwira, zvichiita kuti akwanise kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana. Mazhinji machaneli akavhurika anoda kugadziriswa kushoma kana tichienzanisa nemamwe machaneli akavhurika ari mumapaipi, kunyanya ayo ane zvikamu zvinofamba. Zvakare zviri nyore kuisa, kunyanya mumachaneli aripo kana panowanikwa mapaipi.
Zvisinei, kunewo matambudziko. Kururama kunogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita sekuchinja kwehunhu hwemvura (semuenzaniso, kuwanda kwemvura mumvura), kuiswa zvisina kunaka, uye kusiyana kwegeometry yenzira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita sekuunganidzwa kwemarara munzira zvinogona kukanganisa kuyerwa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuyera maflowmeters enzira yakavhurika kunogona kuve kwakaoma zvichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi emaflowmeters, sezvo kazhinji zvichisanganisira kufunga nezvemamiriro emvura uye dhizaini chaiyo yeweir, flume, kana ultrasonic sensor setup.
Mukupedzisa, ma "open-channel flowmeters" ave chikamu chakakosha chekuyera mvura mumapaipi nema "channels". Mashandisirwo awo akasiyana-siyana, kubva kumaindasitiri kusvika pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, anoratidza kukosha kwawo mumazuva ano.kutarisira mvuraPasinei nematambudziko aripo, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuri kuramba kuchivandudza kururama kwayo, kuvimbika, uye nyore kushandisa, zvichiita kuti mita dzemagetsi dzinofamba-famba dzirambe dzichiita basa rakakosha muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana kwemakore anotevera.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-05-2025