Kuyera zvinwiwa zvinoparadza, zvakaita semaacid, alkali, uye zvinonyungudutsa zvemakemikari, kunounza matambudziko makuru mumaindasitiri nekuda kwekuparadza kwazvinoita zvinhu zvemidziyo. Electromagnetic flow metres (EMFs), zvichibva pamutemo weFaraday we electromagnetic induction, zvakabuda semhinduro yakavimbika kune izvi. Maumbirwo azvo ekuyera asingapindi, kuenderana nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvinoparadza, uye kunyatsoyera kwakanyatsoita kuti zvive zvakakosha mumaindasitiri uko makemikari akanyanya kuomarara anowanikwa. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora mabhenefiti akasiyana eEMF mukuyera mvura inoparadza, mashandisirwo azvo akajairika mumaindasitiri akakosha, uye kufunga kwakakosha kwekushanda zvakanaka.
Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira pakugadzira ma electromagnetic flow metres mukuyera mvura inoparadza chiri mukugadzirwa kwayo uye kugona kwayo kuchinjika. Kusiyana nema flow metres echinyakare ane zvikamu zvinopinda zvinogona kukuvadza, ma EMF ane sensor ine lining inoparadzanisa chinhu chekuyera kubva kune corrosive medium. Zvinhu zvakajairika zve lining zvinosanganisira PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy alkane), uye rabha, zvese izvi zvinoratidza kuramba kwakanaka kune acids, alkalis, uye organic solvents. Pamusoro pezvo, ma electrodes eEMF anogona kugadzirwa ne corrosion-resistant alloys dzakadai seHastelloy, titanium, kana tantalum, zvichiita kuti pave nekugadzikana kwenguva refu kunyangwe mune zvine simba guru. Iyi nzira yekuyera isina kubatana inobvisawo kurasikirwa kwedzvinyiriro uye njodzi yekuvharika, izvo zvakakosha pakuchengetedza mashandiro eindasitiri nguva dzose.
Indasitiri yemakemikari ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa paEMFs mukuyera mvura inoparadza. Mumaitiro ekugadzira makemikari, mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvinoparadza dzakadai sesulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, uye sodium hydroxide dzinoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka kwekuyerera kwemvura kuti dzive nechokwadi chekuti reaction inoshanda zvakanaka uye mhando yezvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwefetereza, maEMF ane PTFE linings uye maHastelloy electrodes anoyera nemazvo mwero wekuyerera kwesulfuric acid yakakangwa, zvichiita kuti apihwe dose chaiyo neammonia. Mukugadzira mishonga yezvipembenene, vanoongorora kufamba kwezvinonyungudutsa zvinoparadza, vachiona kuchengetedzeka uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro ereaction. Kugona kweEMFs kuyera mvura inoparadza inofambisa mvura nemazvo (kazhinji ±0.5% yehuwandu hwakayerwa) kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirisa maitiro emakemikari.
Indasitiri yemigodhi nesimbi inoshandisa simbi inoshandisa maEMF akawanda pakuyera mvura inoparadza. Mukuita kwekubvisa simbi dzisina simbi (dzakadai semhangura, zinc, negoridhe), zvinhu zvinobvisa simbi kubva musimbi zvinoshandiswa kubvisa simbi kubva musimbi. MaEMF anoshandiswa kuyera mwero wekufamba kwesimbi idzi dzinobvisa simbi, zvichiita kuti dzisanganiswe zvakaenzana nesimbi uye kuti dzishande zvakanaka. Mukugadzirisa simbi, vanoongororawo kufamba kwemvura inotonhora inoparadza uye marara acid, zvichibatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kusangana nezvinodiwa pakuburitsa simba munzvimbo dzakatikomberedza. Maumbirwo akasimba eEMF anovabvumira kutsungirira mamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya uye ekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya anowanzo sangana nawo mumabasa ekuchera nesimbi.
Mafekitori ekuchenesa mvura yakasviba ndeimwe nzira inokosha yekushandisa. Mvura yakasviba yemaindasitiri inowanzova nezvinhu zvinoparadza zvakaita seheavy metal ions, acids, uye alkalis, izvo zvinoda kuyerwa kwakarurama kwekuyerera kwemvura yakasviba inoparadza mukuunganidza nekurapa, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kudzora zvakakwana zvekuwedzera kwemakemikari (semuenzaniso, neutralizers) uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yekuburitsa mvura yakasviba yatevedzwa. Kusasvibiswa kwavo nekuora kunoita kuti kushanda kwavo kugadzikane kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemvura yakasviba, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa uye nguva yekushanda.
Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti maEMF anoshanda zvakanaka pakuyera mvura inoparadza, zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanira kutariswa. Chekutanga, sarudza zvinhu zvakakodzera zve lining uye electrode zvichienderana nerudzi uye huwandu hwechinhu chinoparadza. Chechipiri, iva nechokwadi chekuti mvura yakayerwa ine conductivity yakakwana (kazhinji pamusoro pe5 μS/cm), sezvo maEMF asingakwanise kuyera mvura isingafambise. Chechitatu, isa mita nemazvo kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yekuyerera yakadzikama. Kugara uchigadzirisa, senge kutarisa kusimba kwe lining uye kuchenesa ma electrodes, kwakakoshawo kuti igare yakavimbika kwenguva refu.
Mukupedzisa, ma electromagnetic flow metres ave sarudzo inofarirwa yekuyera mvura inoparadza nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuchinjika, kunyatsorongeka, uye kushanda kwayo kwakasimba. Mashandisirwo ayo akawanda mumaindasitiri ekurapa makemikari, migodhi, uye mvura yakasviba anoratidza basa rayo rakakosha mukuona kuti mashandiro anoshanda zvakanaka, mhando yezvigadzirwa, uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji yezvinhu uye dhizaini yemasensa, maEMF anotarisirwa kupa mhinduro dzakavimbika kune mamwe mamiriro ekuyera anoparadza zvakanyanya mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2025