I. Mamiriro Emvura
A. Kuyerera Kwemhepo
Kuyerera kwemvura kunokanganisa idambudziko rinowanzoitika mumasisitimu emagetsi akavhurika. Kana kuyerera kwemvura kwakaoma, kumhanya kwemvura kunosiyana-siyana muhukuru negwara riri pakati penzira.Vhura - chiteshi chekufambisa mvura, kunyanya idzo dzinoshandisa nzira dzekukurumidza - nzvimbo (dzakadai se ultrasonic kana electromagnetic open - channel flowmeters), dzinofungidzira kuti flow profile yakagadzikana uye inofanotaurwa kuti ikwanise kuyerwa nemazvo. Turbulence inokanganisa fungidziro iyi. Semuenzaniso, murwizi rune pasi rakashata kana mugwara rine shanduko dzakangoerekana dzaitika mu geometry, kuumbwa kwema eddies nema swirls kunogona kukonzera kuti flow velocity panzvimbo dzakasiyana isiyane zvakanyanya kubva paavhareji inotarisirwa ne flowmeter. Nekuda kweizvozvo, flow velocity yakayerwa ingasamiririre zvakakwana flow rate yese, zvichikonzera kuverenga kusina kururama.
B. Kusiyana kweKudzika kweKuyerera
Kuchinja-chinja kwehudzamu hwekuyerera kwemvura kunogonawo kukonzera matambudziko kunemita dzekufambisa dzechiteshi dzakavhurika. Mazhinji maflowmeters, akadai semaweirs nemaflumes, akagadzirwa kuyera mwero wekuyerera zvichibva pahukama hwakati pakati pekudzika kwekuyerera nekubuda kwemvura. Kana kudzika kwekuyerera kuchichinja nekukurumidza kana zvisina kurongeka, hukama uhwu hunogona kusashanda. Semuenzaniso, mumasystem emvura inoyerera, mvura inonaya zvakanyanya inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekudzika kwekuyerera. Kana flowmeter isina kuenzaniswa kuti iverenge shanduko dzakadaro dzinokurumidza uye dzakakura dzekudzika, inogona kukanganisa mwero wekuyerera. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvapo kwemafungu kana mafungu mugwara kunogona kuwedzera kuoma kuyera kudzika kwekuyerera, sezvo flowmeter inogona kunyora hunhu hwekudzika husingawirirani, zvichikonzera kuverenga kwehuwandu hwekuyerera husina kururama.
II. Hunhu hweChiteshi
A. Kusarongeka kweChannel
Migero yechisikigo inowanzova nemaumbirwo asina kurongeka ezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, ine upamhi hwakasiyana, kudzika, uye materu. Migero yakagadzirwa nevanhu inogonawo kuva nemakanganiso nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekudonha kwevhu, kukurwa kwevhu, kana kukuvara kwechimiro.Vhura - chiteshi chekufambisa mvurazvinowanzo gadziriswa kuti zvikwanise kuyera mageometri akajairwa, akajairwa. Kana zvikaiswa mumachannel ane zvikamu zvisina kurongeka, kupararira kwemvura kunova kusina kufanana, uye flowmeter ingasakwanisa kuyera avhareji yekukurumidza kana nzvimbo yecross-section. Semuenzaniso, mu canal umo sediment yakaungana kune rumwe rutivi, kuyerera kwayo kuchakanganiswa, uye flowmeter inogona kudarika - kana kuderedza mwero wemvura zvichienderana nenzvimbo yayo mukati me channel.
B. Kuoma kwePamusoro
Kuomarara kwenzvimbo yemugero kunokanganisa kuramba kwemvura uye kupararira kwemhepo mukati memugero. Nzvimbo yakaoma, senge yemugero wakafukidzwa nejecha kana murwizi rwechisikigo rune matombo nemiti, inokonzera kukweshana kwakawanda sezvo mvura ichiyerera. Kukweshana uku kunoderedza kumhanya kwemvura pedyo nemiganhu yemugero uye kunogona kutungamira kune mafambiro asina kurongeka, ayo akasiyana neanofanirwa kufungidzirwa nevakawanda.kuyera kuyerera kwenzira yakavhurikanzira. Maflowmeter anovimba nekufungidzira kweprofile yevelocity chaiyo, semamwe ma ultrasonic Doppler flowmeters, anogona kuburitsa mhedzisiro isiriyo kana roughness yechannel surface isina kutsanangurwa zvakanaka. Kuwedzera kweroughness yepamusoro kunogonawo kukonzera nyonganyonga yakawedzerwa, zvichiwedzera kuoma maitiro ekuyera flow.
III. Kupindira kwekunze
A. Marara neMiriwo
Marara, akadai semapazi, mashizha, nemarara, pamwe chete nemiti yakakura zvakanyanya mugwara kana kuti pedyo naro, zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro emita dzekufambisa dzechiteshi dzakavhurika. Kune ma ultrasonic flowmeters, marara nemiti zvinogona kuvhara nzira ye ultrasonic signals, kungave nekunyudza kana kuratidza mafungu. Kukanganiswa uku kunogona kutungamira pakugamuchirwa kwechiratidzo chisina kururama uye kududzirwa zvisizvo kwe flow velocity. Panyaya yema mechanical flowmeters, akadai se propeller - type flowmeters, marara anogona kubatwa muzvikamu zvinofamba, zvichiita kuti meter ivharike kana kutenderera nekumhanya kusina kururama. Kukura kwezvirimwa pedyo nepamusoro pemvura kunogonawo kukanganisa kuyerwa kwekudzika kwekuyerera, sezvo kunogona kugadzira nzvimbo isina kuenzana yemvura nemhepo iyo inovhiringidza michina yekunzwa kudzika.
B. Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Nharaunda
Zvinhu zvakaita semhepo ine simba uye kusiyana kwetembiricha zvinogona kukanganisachiyero chekufambisa chiteshi chakavhurikamashandiro. Mhepo ine simba inogona kugadzira mafungu pamusoro pemvura mumigero yakavhurika. Mafungu aya anogona kukonzera kuchinja-chinja kwehudzamu hwekuyerera kwakayerwa, kunyanya kumasensa anovimba nekuona nhanho yepamusoro. Kuchinja kwetembiricha kunogona kukanganisa hunhu hwemvura, senge kuwanda kwayo uye viscosity. Kune maflowmeter anoshandisa kumhanya kweruzha mumvura pakuyera (semuenzaniso, ma ultrasonic flowmeters), kuchinja kwekupisa kwemvura kunogona kuchinja kumhanya kweruzha, zvichikonzera zvikanganiso mukuyera kumhanya. Munzvimbo dzinotonhora, kuumbwa kwechando muchiteshi kunogonawo kukonzera dambudziko guru, sezvo kuchigona kuvharira flowmeter kana kushandura hunhu hwekuyerera mukati mechiteshi.
Mukupedzisa, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nemamiriro emvura, hunhu hwenzira, uye kupindira kwekunze zvinogona kukonzeramita dzekufambisa dzechiteshi dzakavhurikakupa zviyero zvisina kururama. Kunzwisisa nekugadzirisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha pakuona kuti masisitimu ekuyera kuyerera kwemvura akazaruka anoshanda zvakanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-10-2025