Mukushanda kwemichina nemidziyo, mafuta ehydraulic nemvura yekuzora zvinoita basa rakakosha se "ropa rehupenyu" - kuona kuti simba rinofambiswa zvakanaka, kuderedza kukweshana pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rezvikamu zvemakanika. Kuyera kwakarurama kwehuwandu hwekuyerera kwavo hakusi kungotarisa mashandiro asi chinhu chikuru chekuchengetedza michina, kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba, uye kudzora mutengo. Pakati pematekinoroji akasiyana-siyana ekuyera kuyerera aripo, mita yekuyerera kwemagiya yave sarudzo inosarudzwa yemafuta ehydraulic uye mvura yekuzora, nekuda kwekunyatsojeka kwayo, kusimba, uye kuchinjika kune hunhu hwakasiyana hwemvura idzi.
Mita yekuyerera kwemagiya ndeyechikamu chemita yekuyerera kwemagiya yakanaka, inoshanda nepfungwa iri nyore asi inoshanda zvikuru. Mukati meimba yemita, magiya maviri kana anopfuura anobatana anotenderera sezvo mvura ichipfuura nemukamuri. Kutenderera kwega kwega kwemagiya kunobvisa huwandu hwakatarwa hwemvura, uye huwandu hwekutenderera—hwakanyorwa kuburikidza nemasensa (emakanika kana emagetsi)—hunoshandurwa kuita kuverenga kwehuwandu hwekuyerera kwemvura chaiyo. Iyi nzira yekuyerera kwemagiya yakanaka inopa zvakanakira zvemafuta ehydraulic uye mafuta ekuzora, ayo anowanzo kuratidza viscosity yakakwira, tembiricha dzakasiyana, uye ane tsvina diki. Kusiyana nemamita ekuyerera akavakirwa pakukurumidza (senge turbine kana ultrasonic metres), mita yekuyerera kwemagiya haanyanyi kukanganiswa nekuchinja kweviscosity yemvura, zvichiita kuti kuve nekururama kwakaringana kunyangwe pakushanda nemvura kubva pamazinga eviscosity akaderera kusvika pamazinga eviscosity anowanzo shandiswa muma hydraulic systems uye ma lubrication circuits.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvinoita kuti mita dzemagetsi dzinoshanda zvakanaka pakuyera mafuta ehydraulic uye mafuta ekuzora ndiko kugona kwadzo kubata mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma enzvimbo dzemaindasitiri. Masisitimu ehydraulic anowanzo shanda nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (kazhinji kunopfuura 300 bar) uye tembiricha, nepo mafuta ekuzora anogona kutenderera kuburikidza nemapaipi akaomarara uye macircuits akaomarara. Mata emagetsi ekuzora emhando yepamusoro akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu zvakaita sesimbi isingatsvedzeri, simbi dzakaomarara dzealloy, kana mapolymer anodzivirira ngura, zvichiita kuti agone kumira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, kushanduka-shanduka kwetembiricha, uye hunhu hwekuzora hwemamwe mafuta ekuzora. Kushivirira kwakasimba mukugadzira magiya kunoderedza kubuda kwemukati, zvichiwedzera kurongeka kwekuyera - zvakakosha kumashandisirwo apo kunyangwe kutsauka kudiki mukuyerera kunogona kutungamira kusashanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo kana kusakara nguva isati yakwana. Semuenzaniso, mumichina yekuvaka (senge ma excavators nema cranes), kuyerwa kwakarurama kwekuyerera kwemafuta e hydraulic kunobatsira kugadzirisa kugoverwa kwesimba, kudzivirira kuwandisa kwemapombi e hydraulic uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta. Munzvimbo dzekugadzira, ruzivo rwakarurama rwekuyerera kwemafuta ekuzora runoita kuti mabheringi, magiya, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvigamuchire huwandu chaihwo hwemafuta anodiwa, zvichidzivirira mafuta asina kuzara (izvo zvinokonzera kukweshana uye kupisa zvakanyanya) uye mafuta akawandisa (izvo zvinotambisa mvura uye zvinowedzera mari yekugadzirisa).
Imwe mukana wezviyero zvekuyerera kwemagiya ndekuti zvinoenderana nehunhu hwakasarudzika hwemafuta ehydraulic uye mafluid ekuzora. Mafluid aya anowanzo kuve nezvinhu zvinowedzera (zvakadai sezvinodzivirira kupfekwa, zvinodzivisa corrosion, uye zvinosimudzira viscosity index) zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro ezvimwe zvishandiso zvekuyera kuyerera. Zvisinei, magear flow meter ane hukama hushoma ne fluid chemistry - musimboti wavo wekuyera unoenderana nekuchinjana kwemagetsi pane hunhu hwemvura senge conductivity kana acoustic impedance. Izvi zvinoita kuti akwanise mhando dzakasiyana dzemafuta e hydraulic (kusanganisira mineral oil-based, synthetic, uye biodegradable hydraulic fluids) uye ma lubricating fluids (senge motor oil, gear oil, uye grease). Pamusoro pezvo, magear flow meter anogona kushanda zvinobudirira nemafluid ane zvidimbu zvidiki (semuenzaniso, shavings diki dzesimbi kana guruva), chero bedzi zvidimbu zvacho zvisina kukura zvakakwana kuti zvivhare magiya - chiitiko chinowanzoitika munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri uko kusvibiswa kwemvura dzimwe nguva kusingadzivisike.
Panyaya yekuiswa uye kushandiswa kwayo, mita dzekuyerera kwemagiya dzinopa kuchinjika kukuru, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubatanidzwa mumasisitimu aripo ehydraulic uye lubrication. Anogona kuiswa mumapaipi akatambarara kana akamira, aine zvinodiwa zvishoma zvepombi dzakatwasuka—kusiyana nemamwe mita dzekuyerera dzinoda mapombi marefu ekukwira nekudzika kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti anoverengwa nemazvo. Dhizaini iyi yakamanikana inobatsira zvikuru mumichina yeindasitiri uko nzvimbo iri shoma. Mata emazuva ano ekuyerera kwemagiya anouyawo aine sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubuda, kusanganisira masaini eanalog (4-20 mA), masaini edhijitari (RS485, Modbus), uye mabudiro epulse, zvichibvumira kubatanidzwa kwakanaka nemasisitimu ekudzora, madata logger, uye software yekutarisa. Izvi zvinogonesa kuteverwa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera kwemhepo panguva chaiyo, kutarisa kure, uye otomatiki zviziviso zvemamiriro ekuyerera asina kujairika—senge kuyerera kwakaderera (zvinoratidza kubuda kwemvura kana kuvharika) kana kuyerera kwakanyanya (zvichiratidza kusashanda zvakanaka kwesisitimu). Kune mapoka ekugadzirisa, data iri rinokosha: rinobvumira kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza, rinoderedza nguva yekumira, uye rinowedzera hupenyu hwemita yekuyerera nemidziyo yarinotarisa.
Pakusarudza mita yekuyerera kwegiya yemafuta ehydraulic uye kuyerwa kwemvura inozorwa, zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kutariswa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda zvakanaka. Chekutanga, huwandu hwekuyerera kwemita hunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa—huwandu hudiki hunokonzera kuwanda kwemafuta, nepo huwandu hwakanyanya huchikanganisa kurongeka. Chechipiri, kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha zvinofanirwa kupfuura mamiriro ekushanda esystem kudzivirira kukuvara. Chechitatu, kuenderana kwezvinhu kwakakosha: kune mvura inoparadza kana nzvimbo dzakaoma, mamita akagadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina kana alloys dzakagadzirwa anokurudzirwa. Chechina, mhando yesensa (yemakanika kana yemagetsi) inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekudiwa kwekunyatsojeka, kubuda kwedata, uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza—masensa emagetsi anopa kururama kwakanyanya uye kubatanidzwa kwedhijitari, nepo masensa emakanika anowanzo shanda zvishoma uye anoda kugadziriswa kushoma. Chekupedzisira, kuwanda kwekuyera kunofanirwa kutariswa: kuyera nguva dzose (kazhinji pagore) kunoita kuti mita irambe yakarurama nekufamba kwenguva, kunyanya mukushandiswa kunodiwa zvakanyanya.
Mukupedzisa, mita dzemagetsi dzinoonekwa semhinduro yakanaka yekuyera mafuta ehydraulic uye mafuta ekuzora munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri. Dhizaini yavo yakanaka yekutama inopa kunyatsojeka kusingaenzaniswi, kunyangwe paine mvura ine viscosity yakakura uye mamiriro akasiyana ekushanda. Kugadzirwa kwavo kwakasimba kunovimbisa kugara kwenguva refu uye kuvimbika munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri, nepo kushandirana kwavo nemhando dzakasiyana dzemvura uye kuiswa kuri nyore kunoita kuti zvive nyore uye zvive nyore kushandisa. Nekupa data rakarurama, renguva chaiyo, mita dzemagetsi dzinogonesa mabhizinesi kugadzirisa mashandiro emidziyo, kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa, kuvandudza mashandiro esimba, uye kudzivirira nguva inodhura yekusashanda. Kune maindasitiri kubva pakugadzira nekuvaka kusvika kumotokari nendege, kuisa mari mumita dzemagetsi emhando yepamusoro haisi nyaya yekuyera chete - chisarudzo chakakosha chinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye kukwikwidzana munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzanhasi. Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, mita dzemagetsi dzinoramba dzichichinja, nezvinhu zvakavandudzwa, masensa akangwara, uye kubatana kwakawedzerwa, zvichiwedzera kusimbisa chinzvimbo chavo sesarudzo inotungamira yemafuta ehydraulic uye kuyerwa kwemvura yekuzora.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2025