Munyaya yekuyera kuyerera kwemvura, mita dzemvura dzemakanika uye mita dzemvura dzemagetsi dzinoonekwa semhinduro mbiri dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwakasiyana hwakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekushandisa. Kunzwisisa kusiyana kwavo kwakakosha pakusarudza mudziyo wakakodzera mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana kubva kudzimba dzekugara kusvika kumaindasitiri.
Mamita emvura emakanika, ayo ari echinyakare, anoshanda nepfungwa iri nyore asi yakaedzwa kwenguva yakareba. Anovimba nezvikamu zvinofamba—zvakaita semaimpeller kana maturbine—zvinofambiswa nesimba remvura inoyerera. Mvura painopfuura nemumita, inotenderedza impeller yemukati, uye kutenderera uku kunopfuudzwa kuburikidza nesystem yemagiya kuenda kukaunda inoratidza kushandiswa kwemvura yese. Dhizaini iyi yakagadziridzwa kweanopfuura zana remakore, zvichikonzera tekinoroji yakakura uye yakavimbika. Chimwe chezvakanakira zvayo zvakakosha kushanda zvakanaka; mari yekugadzira nekuisa yakaderera, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo huru yekuyera mvura mudzimba pasi rose. Pamusoro pezvo, mamita emakanika haadi simba rekunze, sezvo achishandisa simba zvakananga kubva mukuyerera kwemvura. Ichi chinhu "chinozvitsigira" chinovabvumira kushanda munzvimbo dziri kure kana nzvimbo dzine magetsi asina kugadzikana.
Zvisinei, mita dzemvura dzemakanika dzine zvikanganiso zvinooneka. Zvikamu zvadzo zvinofamba zvinogona kupera nekufamba kwenguva, kunyanya kana zvikasangana nemvura ine tsvina yakaita sejecha, ngura, kana chikero. Kupera uku hakungoderedzi kunyatsoongorora asi kunogonawo kukonzera kuvharika, zvichida kugadziriswa nguva nenguva kana kutsiviwa. Uyezve, dzine chiyero chidiki chekudonha kwemvura, zvichireva kuti dzinonetseka kuyera nemazvo kuyerera kwemvura kwakaderera uye kwakakwira. Semuenzaniso, kudonha kudiki kana kushandiswa kwemvura kushoma kunogona kusaonekwa, nepo nguva yekuyerera kwemvura zvakanyanya inogona kukonzera zvikanganiso zvakakura pakuyera. Chimwe chinetso kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa: chimiro chemukati chemakanika chinoita kuti mvura isakwanise kufamba, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemasisitimu emvura.
Kusiyana neizvi, mita dzemvura dzinoshandisa electromagnetic dzinomiririra imwe nzira yepamusoro, inotungamirirwa netekinoroji. Dzakavakirwa paMutemo waFaraday we electromagnetic induction. Simba remagineti rinogadzirwa rakatenderedza chubhu yekuyera isiri yemagineti yemita ne coil yekuburitsa simba. Kana mvura inoyerera ichipfuura nemusimba remagineti iri, inocheka mitsetse yesimba remagineti, zvichikonzera simba remagineti (EMF) muma electrodes akaiswa pamadziro echubhu. Hukuru hweEMF iyi hunoenderana zvakananga nekumhanya kwekuyerera kwemvura, zvichibvumira mita kuverenga uye kuratidza mwero wekuyerera nekunyatsojeka.
Mamita emagetsi ane zvakanakira zvakawanda kupfuura mamwe emakanika. Haana zvikamu zvinofamba mukati, zvichibvisa matambudziko ekusakara, kuvharika, uye kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa. Dhizaini iyi inoitawo kuti arambe kusvibiswa mumvura, zvichiita kuti ave akakodzera kuyera mvura isina kucheneswa, mvura yakasviba, kana mvura yeindasitiri. Chiyero chavo chekudonha kwemvura chakafara zvikuru (kazhinji 100:1 kana kupfuura), zvichiita kuti vayere kuyera kwakarurama kwekubuda kwemvura mumaminitsi mashoma uye kuyerera kukuru kwemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, vanobatanidzwa zvakanaka nemasisitimu akangwara, vachitsigira kutarisa data panguva chaiyo, kuverenga kure, uye kuona kubuda kwemvura—zvinhu zvakakosha pakutarisira mvura kwakangwara uye nzvimbo dzekuyera miganhu yedunhu (DMA).
Asi, ma electromagnetic meter ane zvipingamupinyi zvawo. Anongokwanisa kuyera ma conductive fluids chete; zvinhu zvisingafambise magetsi zvakaita semvura yakacheneswa kana mafuta zvinoita kuti asashande. Mutengo wawo wekutanga wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura wema mechanical meter, izvo zvinogona kuva chipingamupinyi pakuiswa kwemagetsi mudzimba huru. Anodawo simba rekunze rinogara richishandiswa kuti agadzire simba remagineti uye masaini ekugadzirisa magetsi, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwawo munzvimbo dzisina magetsi akavimbika.
Mukupedzisa, sarudzo pakati pemamita emvura emakanika nemagetsi inotsamira pane zvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Mamita emakanika anobudirira munzvimbo dzekugara dzisingadhuri zvakanyanya, dzisingagadzirisike zvakanyanya uko magetsi anowanikwa. Panguva iyi, mamita emagetsi ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa pakushanda kwemaindasitiri, kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba, uye network dzemvura dzakangwara dzinoda kunyatsorongeka, mafambiro emvura akafara, uye kugona kwekutarisa nekuchenjera. Nekuyera zvinhu zvakaita semutengo, kunyatsorongeka, zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa, uye hunhu hwemvura, vashandisi vanogona kusarudza mita inonyatsoenderana nezvinangwa zvavo zvekushanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-30-2025