Musika weAsia weOpen-Channel Flow Meters: Kukura, Zvinoita Kuti Ubudirire, uye Nzvimbo Yemakwikwi

1. Pfupiso yeMusika wePari Zvino

2. Zvinokurudzira Kukura

2.1 Kuwedzera Kwemaindasitiri

• Kukura Kwekugadzira: Nyika dzakadai seChina, India, neVietnam dziri kuona kukura kukuru mumaindasitiri ekugadzira. MuChina, indasitiri yekugadzira ndiyo inonyanya kushandisa mvura. Semuenzaniso, indasitiri yemachira inoda mvura yakawanda yekuchenesa nekudhaya. Mita yekuyerera kwemvura yakavhurika yakakosha pakuyera mvura inobuda uye kubuda kwemvura yakasviba nemazvo. Sezvo maindasitiri aya achikura, kudiwa kwemidziyo yekuyera mvura yakavimbika kwakawedzera. Mafekitori anofanirwa kutarisa kushandiswa kwemvura kwete chete kuti igadzire zvakanaka asiwo kuti atevedzere mitemo yezvakatipoteredza.
• Kugadzirwa Kwemagetsi: Asia iri kuonawo kukura kukuru mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi, kunyanya mumagetsi anodziya, emvura, uye ezuva. MuIndia, mafekitori matsva emagetsi anodziya ari kuvakwa kuti agutse kudiwa kwesimba kuri kuwedzera. Mamita ekuyerera kwemvura akavhurika anoshandiswa kuyera kuyerera kwemvura inotonhorera mumafekitori emagetsi anodziya. Mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi anodziya, anobatsira pakuyera kuyerera kwemvura nemazvo kuburikidza nemapenstock, zvichiita kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti magetsi anoshanda zvakanaka.

2.2 Kukura kweMaguta uye Kutarisirwa kweMvura

• Kuwedzera Kwehuwandu Hwevanhu Munzvimbo Dzemaguta: Nekukura kwevanhu mumaguta eAsia, kudiwa kwemvura yakakodzera uye manejimendi emvura yakasviba kwave kukuru. Mumaguta akaita seTokyo, Seoul, neJakarta, mita dzekuyerera kwemvura dzakavhurika dzakaiswa muzviteshi zvekuchenesa mvura kuti dziyere kuyerera kwemvura isina kucheneswa, kuparadzirwa kwemvura yakanatswa, uye kubuda kwemvura yakasviba. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakuona kuti mvura yakasviba inogara yakagadzikana uye kuti mvura yakasviba isangane nezvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza.
• Mazano eGuta Rakangwara: Nyika zhinji dzeAsia dziri kuisa mari mumapurojekiti eguta rakangwara. Semuenzaniso, zvirongwa zveguta rakangwara zveSingapore zvinosanganisira sisitimu yakazara yekutarisira mvura. Mita yekuyerera kwemvura yakavhurika yakabatanidzwa muhurongwa uhwu, zvichipa ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo pamusoro pekuyerera kwemvura mumigero, madhireni, uye nzvimbo dzekurapa. Ruzivo urwu runoshandiswa pakugovera zviwanikwa zvemvura zviri nani, kufanotaura mafashamo, uye kuronga maguta.

2.3 Mitemo Yezvakatipoteredza

• Kudzora Kusvibiswa: Hurumende muAsia yose dziri kushandisa mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza kurwisa kusvibiswa. MuChina, hurumende yakaisa miganhu yakasimba pakuburitswa kwemvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri. Mafekitori anofanirwa kuisa mita yekuyerera yemvura yakazaruka kuti atarise uye anyore huwandu hwemvura yakasviba. Saizvozvowo, muThailand, mitemo yezvakatipoteredza inorayira kutariswa kwakakodzera kwenzvimbo dzemvura, uye mita yekuyerera yemvura yakazaruka inoshandiswa kuyera kuyerera kwemhepo inosvibisa munzizi nemadziva.
• Kushandiswa Kwemvura Zvisingachinji: Kune kusimbiswa kuri kukura kwekushandiswa kwemvura zvinochengetedza nharaunda muAsia. Nyika dzakadai seMalaysia dziri kukurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwemvura mukurima. Mita yekuyerera kwemvura yakavhurika inoshandiswa mumichina yekudiridza kuyera kuyerera kwemvura, zvichibatsira varimi kushandisa mvura nemazvo uye kuderedza kutambisa mvura.

3. Mashandisirwo Akakosha

3.1 Kurapa Mvura Yakasviba

• Mvura Yakasviba yeMunicipal: Mumaguta eAsia, nzvimbo huru dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba dziri kuvakwa kana kugadziriswa. MuMumbai, India, nzvimbo itsva dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba dzine mita yekuyerera yakavhurika yekuyera kuyerera kwetsvina ichipinda muchina, kuyerera kwetsvina yakanatswa, uye kutenderera kwetsvina yakakamurwa. Izvi zvinobatsira mukugadzirisa maitiro ekuchenesa uye kuona kuti mvura yakakatswa inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro isati yaburitswa mumvura.
• Mvura Yakasviba Yemaindasitiri: Maindasitiri akadai semakemikari, mishonga, uye kugadzira chikafu anogadzira mvura yakawanda yakasviba. Munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri muSouth Korea, ma "open-channel flow meters" anoshandiswa kutarisa kuburitswa kwemvura yakasviba kubva mumaindasitiri aya. Data rinounganidzwa rinoshandiswa kuona kuti mitemo yezvakatipoteredza inotevedzwa uye kutarisira maitiro ese ekurapa mvura yakasviba zvinobudirira.

3.2 Kurima

• Masisitimu Ekudiridza: Kurima ibasa guru munyika dzakawanda dzeAsia, uye kudiridza kwakanaka kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwechikafu. Munzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzeChina, masisitimu ekudiridza emazuva ano ari kushandiswa, uye mita yekuyerera yemvura yakavhurika inoshandiswa kuyera kuyerera kwemvura mumigero nemumakomba. Izvi zvinobvumira varimi kudzora huwandu hwemvura inoshandiswa muminda yavo, zvichivandudza goho rezvirimwa ukuwo vachichengetedza mvura. MuPakistan, hurumende iri kukurudzira kushandiswa kwemamita ekuyerera kwemvura akavhurika mumasisitimu ekudiridza akavakirwa pamigero kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kuvandudza kugoverwa kwemvura.
• Kuchengetwa kwehove: Indasitiri yekurima hove muAsia iri kukurawo. Semuenzaniso, muVietnam, ma "open-channel flow meters" anoshandiswa mumapurazi ehove kuyera kuyerera kwemvura mumadziva. Kuchengetedza kuyerera kwemvura kwakakodzera kwakakosha pakupa okisijeni nekubvisa marara muzvirongwa zvekuchengetwa kwehove, kuve nechokwadi chehutano nekukura kwehove nezvimwe zvipenyu zvemumvura.

3.3 Kutarisa Nzizi neHova

• Tsvagiridzo yeMadziva: Nzizi dzeAsia, dzakadai seYangtze muChina, Ganges muIndia, neMekong muSoutheast Asia, dzakakosha zvikuru pakuwanikwa kwemvura uye kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Mamita ekuyerera kwemvura akavhurika akaiswa panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dziri pedyo nenzizi idzi kuti vatsvage ruzivo rwemvura. Masayendisiti anoshandisa ruzivo rwekuyerera kwemvura kudzidza nezvemamiriro ekunze enzizi, kufanotaura mafashamo, uye kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura zvinobudirira.
• Kugoverwa kweMvura: Munzvimbo dzine mvura inogovaniswa pakati penyika dzakasiyana, dzakadai seRwizi rweIndus, India nePakistan, mita dzekuyerera kwemvura dzinoshandiswa kuyera kuyerera kwemvura panzvimbo dzakakosha. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakubvumirana kwekugoverwa kwemvura kwakaringana uye pakuona kuti mapato ese anowana mugove wavo wemvura wavakagoverwa.

4. Vatambi Vakuru neMakwikwi

4.1 Makambani Epasi Rose

• Endress+Hauser: Imwe kambani inozivikanwa pasi rose, Endress+Hauser ine mukurumbira muAsia. Inopa ma "flow meters" akasiyana-siyana ane ma "open-channel flow" ane zvinhu zvepamusoro zvakaita se "high-efficient", "remote monitoring", uye "compatible" nema "protocols" akasiyana-siyana ekutaurirana. MuJapan, ma "flow meters" eEndress+Hauser anoshandiswa mumafekitori ekugadzira zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro uye munzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura. Kambani iyi inokwikwidza zvichibva pahukuru hwayo hwetekinoroji, mukurumbira werudzi rwayo, uye network yebasa repasi rose.
• Siemens: Siemens ine nzvimbo yakasimba mumusika weAsia. Mamita ayo ekuyerera kwemvura akazaruka anozivikanwa nekuvimbika kwawo uye kubatana kwawo nehurongwa hwemagetsi eindasitiri. Mumapaki eindasitiri muSingapore, mamita ekuyerera kwemvura akabatanidzwa mumafekitori akangwara, achipa ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo pamusoro pemvura nemvura yakasviba kuti zvinhu zviitwe zviri nani. Siemens inoisa mari yakawanda mukutsvagisa nekuvandudza kuti irambe iri pamberi mumakwikwi, ichivandudza kururama uye mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvayo nguva dzose.

4.2 Makambani emuno eAsia

• MuChina: Makambani akaita seHangzhou Hikvision abuda semakambani makuru mumusika wemuno. Hikvision inopa mita dzemagetsi dzinovhura nzira dzinodhura uye dzinoshanda zvakanaka. Ine vatengi vakawanda muChina muzvikamu zvekuchenesa mvura, maindasitiri, uye zvekurima. Kambani iyi inobatsirwa nekunzwisisa kwayo kwakadzama musika wemuno, network yakakura yekutengesa uye masevhisi munyika yese, uye kugona kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa munharaunda.
• MuIndia: Makambani ekuIndia akadai saLarsen & Toubro (L&T) apinda mumusika we open - channel flow meter. Zvigadzirwa zveL&T zvakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemusika weIndia, izvo zvinowanzosanganisira kugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze akaoma uye mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana. Kambani iyi inotarisa pakupa zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro pamitengo inokwikwidzana, uye iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mugove wayo wemusika muIndia nemunyika dziri pedyo dzeAsia.

5. Kufambira Mberi Kwetekinoroji

5.1 IoT - Mamita Ekuyerera Akagoneswa

• Kutarisa uye Kudzora Kure: Mamita mazhinji ekuyerera kwemvura akavhurika muAsia ikozvino ari kushandiswa tekinoroji yeIoT. Semuenzaniso, muSouth Korea, nzvimbo dzekurapa mvura dziri kushandisa mita dzekuyerera dzinogoneswa neIoT dzinogona kutariswa nekudzorwa dziri kure. Vashandi vanogona kuwana data renguva chaiyo pamusoro pekuyerera kwemvura, tembiricha, nezvimwe zvinhu kuburikidza nemapurogiramu efoni kana mapuratifomu ewebhu. Izvi zvinobvumira mhinduro nekukurumidza kune chero shanduko musystem, zvichideredza nguva yekushanda uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwese.
• Kuongororwa kweData kuti pave neSarudzo Iri Nani - Kugadzira: Data rakaunganidzwa neIoT - flow metres rinogona kuongororwa kuti riwane ruzivo rwemashandisirwo emvura, kuona kudonha kwemvura, uye kufanotaura kutadza kwemidziyo. Mumaguta akangwara eChina, data analytics rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa network dzekugovera mvura. Nekuongorora data kubva kuma open-channel flow metres akaiswa panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana munetwork, varongi vemaguta vanogona kuona nzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda inoshandiswa kana kuti dzinogona kudonha mvura uye kutora matanho akakodzera.

5.2 Kururama Kwakavandudzwa uye Kuvimbika

• Matekinoroji Epamusoro Ekuona Masensa: Matekinoroji matsva ekuona masensa ari kugadzirwa kuti awedzere kururama kwemamita ekuyerera kwemvura akavhurika. MuJapan, vamwe vagadziri vari kushandisa masensa epamusoro ekuona masensa anogona kuyera kuyerera kwemvura nemazvo kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, senge kana paine sediment kana turbulence. Masensa aya anodzivirira kubvaruka, zvichiwedzera kuvimbika kwemamita ekuyerera.
• Kuzvigadzirisa Uye Kuona Zvinhu: Mamita ekuyerera emazuva ano akavhurika muAsia anewo zvinhu zvekuzvigadzirisa uye zvekuona zvinhu. Mumaindasitiri muThailand, mamita ekuyerera anogona kuzvigadzirisa ega nguva nenguva, zvichideredza kudiwa kwekuongororwa nemaoko uye kuona kuti zvinhu zvacho zvakarurama nguva dzose. Zvinhu zvekuongororwa zvinogona kuona chero zvikanganiso zviri mumita uye kutumira nyevero kune vanoshanda, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa nenguva.

6. Maonero Eramangwana