Chii chinonzi RS485/ModBus-RTU protocol?

Iyo RS485 kutaurirana interface ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda wemaindasitiriuye zvemagetsi zvekutengeserana zvekutaurirana kweseriya. Yakagadzirwa kuti igadzirise zvipingamupinyi zvemitemo yekutaurirana kweseriya yekare uye kugonesa kutapurirana kwedata kwakavimbika munzvimbo dzakareba uye munzvimbo dzakaoma.

• Kuisa Zviratidzo zveMagetsi
  • RS485 inoshandisa differential signaling. Panzvimbo pewaya imwe chete yekutumira data sezvakaita mune dzimwe serial interfaces (senge RS232), ine waya mbiri, dzinowanzo nyorwa kuti A naB. Musiyano wevoltage pakati pewaya mbiri idzi unomiririra data. Musiyano wevoltage wakanaka pakati pewaya A newaya B (semuenzaniso, A - B > 0.2 V) unotsanangurwa selogic 1, nepo musiyano wevoltage yakaipa (A - B < - 0.2 V) unomiririra logic 0. Iyi nzira yedifferential signaling inopa dziviriro yakanaka yeruzha. Munzvimbo dzine ruzha dzemaindasitiri, uko kupindirana kwemagetsi kwakajairika, musiyano wevoltage pakati pewaya mbiri haunyanyi kukanganiswa neruzha rwekunze zvichienzaniswa nesystem yesignaling ine end-end.
• Kugona Kudonha Kwakawanda
  • Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zveRS485 ibasa rayo rekudzikisa madonhwe akawanda. Bhazi rimwe chete reRS485 rinogona kutsigira ma node anosvika makumi matatu nemaviri (zvishandiso). Mamwe ma transceiver epamusoro eRS485 anogona kutobata ma node akawanda, anosvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nematanhatu mune dzimwe nguva. Izvi zvinobvumira michina yakawanda, senge ma sensor, ma actuator, uye ma controller, kubatanidzwa kune rimwe bhazi rekutaurirana. Semuenzaniso, mune system ye automation yekuvaka, ma sensor akawanda ekupisa, ma sensor ehunyoro, uye ma controller emwenje anogona kubatanidzwa kune rimwe bhazi reRS485, zvichideredza kuoma kwe cable uye dhizaini yesystem.
• Kureba kweKutapurirana
  • RS485inogona kusvika pakureba kwekutumirwa kwemashoko. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, nedanho redata rinosvika 9600 bps, inogona kutumira data pamusoro pemadaro anosvika 1200 metres. Sezvo data rate ichiwedzera, daro rekutumira mashoko rinoderera. Semuenzaniso, padanho redata re1 Mbps, daro repamusoro rinowanzova 100 metres. Kugona uku kureba kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa uko zvishandiso zvakapararira munzvimbo yakakura, senge mumafekitori emaindasitiri, magridi akangwara, uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza.

• Kushanda kwehafu - Duplex
  • RS485 inonyanya kushandiswa nehafu yekutaurirana kwe duplex. Izvi zvinoreva kuti data rinogona kutapurirwa kune chero divi, asi kwete panguva imwe chete. Mudziyo mumwe chete uri mubhazi unogona kutapurira data panguva imwe chete, nepo mimwe midziyo iri mu receive mode. Kuti izvi zviitwe, panodiwa nzira yekudzora kuti ndeipi mudziyo une kodzero yekutumira. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidza ne protocol apo midziyo inopihwa ma kero. Semuenzaniso, mu Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) protocol, iyo inowanzoshandiswa ne RS485, master device inoongorora midziyo yevaranda nekutumira zvikumbiro nekero chaiyo yemuranda anotarisirwa. Muranda akapihwa kero anobva apindura, uye panguva iyi, mimwe midziyo inoramba iri mu receive mode.
• Kuenderana kweProtocol
  • RS485Haisi protocol pachayo asi inopa physical layer yemaitiro akasiyana-siyana ekutaurirana. Kunze kweModbus RTU, mamwe maitiro akaita seProfibus - DP (Process Field Bus - Decentralized Periphery) anoshandisawo RS485 se physical interface. Aya maitiro anotsanangura kuti data rinoiswa sei mu frame, address, uye error - checked. Semuenzaniso, Modbus RTU inoshandisa fixed - length frame format ine start and stop bits, uye inosanganisira cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code pakupera kwe furemu yega yega kuti ione zvikanganiso zvekutumira. Kuenderana uku nema protocol akawanda kunoita kuti RS485 ive nyore kushandisa uye ishande mumaindasitiri akasiyana uye mumabhizinesi.

• Kuzvigadzira Kwemaindasitiri
  • Munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri, RS485 inoshandiswa kubatanidza ma programmable logic controllers (PLCs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs), ma sensors, uye ma actuator. Semuenzaniso, mufekitori yekugadzira, ma PLC anogona kutaurirana nema sensors akawanda (akadai se proximity sensors, pressure sensors) uye ma actuator (akadai semota, ma valves) kuburikidza neRS485 network. Izvi zvinogonesa kudzora nekutarisa maitiro ekugadzira, zvichiita kuti kushanda kushande zvakanaka uye kupindura nekukurumidza kune chero shanduko kana zvikanganiso.
• Masisitimu Ekutarisira Zvivako
  • RS485 inoita basa rakakosha muhurongwa hwekutarisira zvivakwa. Inoshandiswa kubatanidza zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka, zvakaita sekudziyisa, kufefetedza, uye magadzirirwo emhepo (HVAC), magadzirirwo emwenje, uye magadzirirwo ekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, mutariri wekutonga zvivakwa anogona kutaurirana nemayuniti akawanda eHVAC kuburikidza neRS485 kuti agadzirise tembiricha, hunyoro, uye kuyerera kwemhepo zvichienderana nemamiriro ekugara kwechivako uye mamiriro ekunze.
• Kutarisira Gridhi Yakangwara uye Simba
  • Panyaya yemagridi akangwara, RS485 inoshandiswa kubatanidza mamita akangwara, zvishandiso zvekutarisa simba, uye michina yekugovera magetsi. Mamita akangwara anogona kutumira data rekushandiswa kwemagetsi kunzvimbo yekuunganidza data kuburikidza neRS485. Data iri rinozoshandiswa pakubhadharisa, kutarisira mutoro, uye kugadzirisa grid. Pamusoro pezvo, RS485 inogona kushandiswa kudzora nekutarisa michina yekugadzirisa simba - factor nezvimwe zvishandiso munetwork yekugovera simba.